C#操作实现Word全域查找且替换
更新时间：2024年04月02日 08:35:42 作者：初九之潜龙勿用
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了C#如何操作实现Word全域查找且替换功能,文中的示例代码讲解详细,具有一定的借鉴价值,有需要的小伙伴可以参考下
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关于全域查找且替换
C#全域操作 Word 查找且替换主要包括如下四个对象：
| 序号 | 对象 | 说明 |
| 1 | Word.Appication.Selection | 窗格对象 |
| 2 | Word.Section.Headers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range | 页眉对象 |
| 3 | Word.Section.Footers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range | 页脚对象 |
| 4 | Word.Shape.TextFrame.TextRange | 形状对象 |
我们需要创建 Word.Find 对象，对上述相关区域分别进行查找替换操作。
Word应用样本
我们假设设计简历模板的输出，并查找且替换对应的关键字，如下图：
其中对应项目的关键字如 {xm}、{xb} 等则为查找且替换的对象，{grzp} 关键字处我们要处理图片的插入。
SqlServer数据表部分设计样本
设计 PersonInfo 数据表如下：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[PersonInfo]( [id] [uniqueidentifier] ROWGUIDCOL NOT NULL, [sfzh] [varchar](18) NOT NULL, [xm] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL, [xb] [nvarchar](1) NULL, [grzp] [image] NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_PersonInfo] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY], CONSTRAINT [IX_PersonInfo] UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED ( [sfzh] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PersonInfo] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PersonInfo_id] DEFAULT (newid()) FOR [id] GO
通过查询 select sfzh,xm,xb,grzp from PersonInfo where id=xxx 得到DataSet，再取 Tables[0]中的数据。
范例运行环境
操作系统： Windows Server 2019 DataCenter
操作系统上安装 Office Excel 2016
数据库：Microsoft SQL Server 2016
.net版本： .netFramework4.7.1 或以上
开发工具：VS2019 C#
配置Office DCOM
配置方法可参照我的文章《C# 读取Word表格到DataSet》进行处理和配置。
设计实现
组件库引入
实现原理
我们假设查询出表数据，存入对应的变量，其中将二进制字段grzp数据写入到d:\test.jpg生成图片，示例代码如下：
DataTable dt=DataSet.Tables[0];
string sfzh = dt.Rows[0]["sfzh"].ToString();
object bt = dt.Rows[0]["grzp"];
byte[] bFile2 = (byte[])bt;
System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes("@d:\test.jpg", bFile2);
string xm = dt.Rows[0]["xm"].ToString();
string xb = dt.Rows[0]["xb"].ToString();
然后我们将其存到二维字符串数组 _repls 里，如下代码：
string[,] _repls = new string[4, 2];
_repls[0, 0] = "{sfzh}";
_repls[0, 1] = sfzh;
_repls[1, 0] = "{xm}";
_repls[1, 1] = xm;
_repls[2, 0] = "{xb}";
_repls[2, 1] = xb;
_repls[3, 0] = "RepalceFromImageFilename_{grzp}";
_repls[3, 1] = "@d:\test.jpg";
其中第一元素存储要查找的关键字，第二元素存储要替换的值。注意：替换图片使用了自定义的RepalceFromImageFilename_ 前缀关键字，则表示值为对应的文件路径。数据准备完毕后，我们将通过遍历数组对 Word 进行查找且替换操作。
查找且替换的核心代码
窗格内容
示例代码如下：
WordApp.Options.ReplaceSelection = true;
Word.Find fnd = WordApp.Selection.Find;
for(int i=0;i<_repls.GetLength(0);i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap =Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith ="";
Object replace =Type.Missing;;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while(fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord,ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith,ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics,ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f=WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, WordApp.Selection.Range);
if (replConfigs != null)
{
string[] cv = replConfigs[ft].Split('|');
pic.Width = int.Parse(cv[0]);
pic.Height = int.Parse(cv[1]);
}
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}页眉内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Section header in WordDoc.Sections)
{
Word.Range headerRange = header.Headers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range;
Word.Find fnd = headerRange.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, headerRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
headerRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}页脚内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Section footer in WordDoc.Sections)
{
Word.Range footerRange = footer.Footers[Word.WdHeaderFooterIndex.wdHeaderFooterPrimary].Range;
Word.Find fnd = footerRange.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
// WordApp.Selection.Font.Name=r_f;
// WordApp.Selection.Range
// WordApp.Selection.TypeText(_repls[i,1].ToString());
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
WordApp.Selection.Range.Select();
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, footerRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
footerRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}形状内容
示例代码如下：
foreach (Word.Shape shape in WordDoc.Shapes)
{
if (shape.TextFrame.HasText == 0)
{
continue;
}
Word.Find fnd = shape.TextFrame.TextRange.Find;
//Word.Find fnd = WordDoc.Content.Find;
for (int i = 0; i < _repls.GetLength(0); i++)
{
if (_repls[i, 0] == "" || _repls[i, 0] == null)
{
continue;
}
fnd.ClearFormatting();
string ft = _repls[i, 0];
string replaceType = "";
if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilename_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilename_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilename";
}
else if (ft.IndexOf("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_") == 0)
{
ft = ft.Replace("RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_", "");
replaceType = "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete";
}
Object findText = ft;
Object matchCase = false;
Object matchWholeWord = Type.Missing;
Object matchWildcards = false;
Object matchSoundsLike = false;
Object matchAllWordForms = false;
Object forward = true;
Object wrap = Word.WdFindWrap.wdFindContinue;
Object format = false;
Object replaceWith = "";
Object replace = Type.Missing; ;
Object matchKashida = Type.Missing;
Object matchDiacritics = Type.Missing;
Object matchAlefHamza = Type.Missing;
Object matchControl = Type.Missing;
while (fnd.Execute(ref findText, ref matchCase, ref matchWholeWord, ref matchWildcards, ref matchSoundsLike, ref matchAllWordForms,
ref forward, ref wrap, ref format, ref replaceWith, ref replace, ref matchKashida, ref matchDiacritics, ref matchAlefHamza, ref matchControl))
{
string r_f = WordApp.Selection.Font.Name.ToString();
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename" || replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete")
{
if (File.Exists(_repls[i, 1].ToString()))
{
Word.InlineShape pic = WordApp.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(_repls[i, 1].ToString(), false, true, shape.TextFrame.TextRange);
if (replaceType == "RepalceFromImageFilename")
{
File.Delete(_repls[i, 1].ToString());
}
}
}
else
{
shape.TextFrame.TextRange.Text = _repls[i, 1].ToString();
}
}
}
}小结
1、示例代码是冗余的写法，在实际应用中我们需要进行优化。
2、添加图片后，代码默认是使用完毕后，删除图片文件以释放空间，我们自定义了 RepalceFromImageFilenameNoDelete_ 前缀关键字，表示使用完毕后不进行文件删除。
3、示例代码中 Word 表示 using Word=Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word; 的引用。
4、示例代码 WordDoc 表示对 Word.Document 的引用。
到此这篇关于C#操作实现Word全域查找且替换的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关C# Word全域查找且替换内容请搜索程序员之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持程序员之家！
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